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Home/The SaaS Podcast/Episode 433
How to Find Your First Customers by Narrowing Focus
First Customers·Tom Dunlop, Summize

How to Find Your First Customers by Narrowing Focus

Introduction and Roger Federer's 54% mindset

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Tom Dunlop had to manually review 500 contracts during an acquisition. Then his CFO asked him to go back and check one more clause across all 500. That pain drove him to build Summize, a contract management platform now doing late 7-figure ARR.

But finding the right first customers took 18 months of chasing the wrong ones. Tom sold to law firms, in-house teams, companies of every size - riding the dopamine hit of "happy ears" instead of focusing on who actually converted. The breakthrough came when he stopped casting a wide net and started targeting a specific persona with a specific pain.

Tom Dunlop is co-founder and CEO of Summize, a contract lifecycle management (CLM) platform that helps companies create, review, and manage contracts.

In 2019, Tom was working as an in-house lawyer for a tech company. During an acquisition, he had to manually review 500 contracts - a painful task that got worse when he had to repeat the entire process just to check one additional clause.

This frustrating experience led him to partner with a software engineer to build a prototype that could automatically create contract summaries. After getting positive feedback from potential customers, they raised 250K to build the product. Then COVID hit right as they were launching.

But what seemed like terrible timing became an opportunity. Companies scrambled to understand their contract obligations during the crisis, and Summize found its first customers among catering and events businesses that needed to understand cancellation clauses overnight.

Still, the path to repeatable growth was unclear. Tom spent the next 18 months chasing any customer he could find - law firms, in-house legal teams, companies of all sizes. He fell into the "happy ears" trap, where positive feedback felt like validation but never turned into deals. The breakthrough came when Summize narrowed its focus to in-house legal teams at mid-market companies and built the product to work inside tools people already used daily - Teams, Slack, Outlook, Salesforce.

Tom Dunlop grew Summize to late 7-figure ARR with 100%+ year-over-year growth by focusing on a narrow ICP and building outbound sales as the primary growth engine. The company has raised $10 million and serves customers like Revolut, Rothschild, and Miami Heat.

Today, Summize is approaching 8-figure ARR with dual headquarters in Manchester and Boston.

This episode is part of our First Customers series.

Key Insight

Summize spent 18 months selling to every type of buyer before discovering that narrowing to in-house legal teams at mid-market companies unlocked repeatable growth. The unfocused approach also corrupted the product roadmap with conflicting feature requests from incompatible customer types.

Key Ideas

- Spent 18 months chasing law firms, in-house teams, and companies of all sizes before narrowing ICP - Conflicting product requests from different customer types made it impossible to build a coherent roadmap - COVID created urgent first customers among catering and events businesses needing contract clause review - PLG failed because contract review software is too complex for self-serve onboarding - Outbound became the primary growth engine only after targeting a specific persona with a specific pain

Key Lessons

- 🎯 **Stop chasing "happy ears" when finding first customers:** Summize spent 18 months reacting to any positive feedback instead of tracking which customer type actually converted fastest. Positive interest is not the same as purchase intent. - 📉 **An unfocused ICP corrupts your product roadmap:** Law firms wanted client portals while in-house teams wanted Salesforce integrations. Conflicting requests from incompatible customers made it impossible to build a coherent product. - 🔄 **Use crisis to find your first customers:** COVID forced catering and events businesses to urgently review contract clauses. Summize targeted companies with the most immediate pain rather than the most obvious market. - 🛠️ **PLG is not right for every SaaS product:** Despite being told they were "quick and easy," contract review software was too complex for self-serve. Summize abandoned PLG after 3-4 months and returned to sales-led growth. - 🤝 **Your background is a cheat code for selling to your first customers:** As a former in-house lawyer, Tom could immediately articulate the exact daily pain his prospects faced. Domain expertise shortened sales cycles dramatically. - 🏢 **Different markets need different scripts:** In the US, buyers already understood CLM and wanted differentiation. In the UK, Summize still had to educate prospects on the category. Same product, completely different sales conversations. - ⚡ **Work events before you attend them:** Summize flipped events from worst ROI to best ROI by getting attendee lists in advance, booking meetings before the event, and running structured follow-up sequences afterward.

Watch the Episode

Chapters

00:00Introduction and Roger Federer's 54% mindset
01:28What Summize does and who it's for
03:11Revenue, growth, and key customers
04:00Total funding raised
04:12The 500-contract pain that started it all
05:44Building the prototype with a co-founder
06:30Sponsor break
07:25From prototype to real business
08:52Raising 250K pre-seed for development
09:36Building the MVP over six months
10:48Going back to early believers and asking them to pay
11:23Finding first customers during COVID
13:08Selling pain relief during a crisis
15:19The 18-month "happy ears" trap
18:18How long unfocused selling lasted
19:14Choosing in-house legal over law firms
21:09Narrowing to specific verticals
22:24How unfocused ICP corrupted the product roadmap
24:38Why PLG didn't work for contract software
27:08Free trials and published pricing experiments
27:54Events as a growth channel - what went wrong first
30:51How events became the best ROI channel
32:06Breaking into the US market
34:46Summize's biggest product differentiator
35:54Lightning round

Book Recommendations

From Impossible To Inevitable

by Aaron Ross and Jason Lemkin

Links

  • Summize: Website | LinkedIn
  • Tom Dunlop: LinkedIn | X
  • Omer Khan: LinkedIn | X

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